Strategies and adaptations of permanent grasslands in different environments
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Na stiahnutie
Dátum
2025
Názov časopisu
ISSN časopisu
Názov zväzku
Vydavateľ
Hard : Olsztyn
ISBN
ISSN
1230-1485
2083-5906
2083-5906
Abstrakt
Grassland biomes have developed a multitude of successful strategies and adaptations to various, often adverse environmental conditions through evolution. Grasslands have a wide tolerance to climatic conditions (temperature, precipitation) and can also tolerate temporary drought periods well. An important parameter for assessing drought tolerance of grass stands is the ratio of root biomass to above-ground phytomass, the R:S (root: shoot ratio). A higher value indicates the crop’s adaptation to drought-induced stress. In permanent grasslands in Central Europe, we recorded a significant proportion of root biomass (6.69-10.31 t ha-1) with an R:S ratio of 5.16. Other positive strategies include the ability of grasses to reproduce both vegetatively and generatively. Grass species exclusively prefer wind pollination; thus, they are not dependent on insect pollination. For different climatic zones, they have a suitable type of photosynthesis (C3 or C4). Grasslands are very well adapted to frequent grazing of phytomass or defoliation (mowing, fire), subsequently regenerating effectively. They are rich in high species biodiversity, contributing to their high eco-stability in agricultural landscapes. We also recorded grassland responses to the presence of heavy metals in the soil. Based on the bioconcentration factor (BCF < 1), grasslands (in Central Europe) acted as excluders of several heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Pb, Mn, Cu, Fe, and Ni). These heavy metals are primarily accumulated in the soil and roots, with the above-ground part of the crop not being contaminated. Permanent grasslands are also effective in carbon sequestration and, based on several observations, are well adapted to the negative consequences of climate change.
Popis
In: Polish journal of environmental studies. Olsztyn : Hard, 2025. ISSN 1230-1485. Vol. 34, no. 4 (2025), pp. 4513-4526.
Kľúčové slová
trávy, abiotický environmentálny stres, abiotic environmental stress, trávne porasty, trvalo trávne porasty
Výstup z projektu
VEGA 1/0220/23 Biodostupnosť potenciálne toxických prvkov na opustených Cu-ložiskách
Citácia
Práva a licenčné podmienky
CC BY-NC Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0. International
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess