Repozitár DSpace :: Prehliadanie podľa Autor "Azor, Stanislav"

Prehliadanie podľa Autor "Azor, Stanislav"

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Analýza kondičných schopností vo volejbale v družstve junioriek
(Západočeská univerzita v Plzni, 2025) Azor, Stanislav; Popelka, Jaroslav
Východiská: Kondičná príprava je kľúčovým faktorom športového výkonu v kolektívnych športoch, ako je volejbal. Juniori a juniorky sa nachádzajú v období intenzívneho telesného a motorického vývinu, čo si vyžaduje špecifický prístup k tréningu. Zároveň je dôležité sledovať kondičné schopnosti hráčok, ktoré ovplyvňujú ich športový progres a celkový herný výkon. Ciele: Štúdia analyzuje kondičné schopnosti junioriek volejbalového družstva VK PALAS Levice s cieľom identifikovať úroveň ich fyzickej pripravenosti, silových, rýchlostných a vytrvalostných parametrov. Metodika: Výskum bol realizovaný formou testov štandardizovanej testovej batérie SVF. Testovanie prebiehalo v dvoch fázach: prvá fáza hodnotila všeobecnú pohybovú výkonnosť, zatiaľ čo druhá sa zamerala na špeciálnu pohybovú výkonnosť vo volejbale. Vzorku tvorilo 13 hráčok rôznych vekových kategórií (1997–2001). Výsledky boli porovnané s existujúcimi normami a analyzované deskriptívnymi štatistickými metódami. Výsledky: Výskum ukázal, že hráčky dosahujú rôzne úrovne kondičnej pripravenosti, pričom individuálne rozdiely boli pozorované najmä v silových a rýchlostných parametroch. Priemerná úroveň všeobecnej kondície zodpovedala normám pre volejbalistky v tejto vekovej kategórii, no testy naznačili potrebu cielenejšieho tréningového zamerania na špecifické zložky výkonnosti, najmä výbušnú silu dolných končatín a vytrvalosť. Závery a odporúčania: Kondičná pripravenosť je kľúčovým determinantom športového výkonu vo volejbale. Výsledky výskumu naznačujú potrebu systematického rozvoja silových a rýchlostných schopností u junioriek, pričom odporúčame personalizovaný prístup k tréningovým metódam zohľadňujúci individuálne potreby hráčok. Pravidelné testovanie a monitoring kondičnej úrovne by mali byť neoddeliteľnou súčasťou športovej prípravy.
Changes in thoracolumbar spine following a 10-week corrective exercise programme in students of performing arts
(Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego im. Bronisława Czecha w Krakowie, 2025) Marko, Michal; Adamčák, Štefan; Azor, Stanislav; Bartik, Pavol
Introduction: Students of performing arts, in particular, music students, are vulnerable to musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) because of prolonged static postures and asymmetrical loading associated with instrument playing. Objectives: The study aim was to evaluate the impact of a 10-week corrective exercise programme on improving thoracolumbar spine in female university-level students of performing arts. Materials and Methods: A true experimental design was used with 25 female students of performing arts, divided into an experimental group (n = 15, 60%) and control group (n = 10, 40%). Pre- and post-intervention evaluations were conducted using Schober’s, Stibor’s and Otto’s tests. Non-parametric statistical analyses were applied. This work was supported by the Scientific Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education, Research, Development and Youth of the Slovak Republic – Grant No. 1/0512/24: Epidemiology of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Students of Performing Arts. Results: The experimental group showed statistically significant improvements in all three spinal function tests: Schober’s (from 3.06 ± 0.60 cm to 5.40 ± 0.82 cm), Stibor’s (from 6.46 ± 0.64 cm to 9.20 ± 0.86 cm) and Otto’s (from 4.12 ± 0.98 cm to 5.86 ± 0.36 cm), all with p < 0.01. No changes were observed in the control group. Between-group comparisons at Week 10 confirmed significant functional improvements in the experimental group (all p < 0.01). Conclusions: The 10-week corrective exercise programme significantly enhanced thoracolumbar spine (function) in students of performing arts. These findings suggest that low-cost, targeted interventions can effectively address posture-related musculoskeletal risks in this population and should be integrated into the curricula for performing arts.
Correcting posture (body and foot) in karate: influence of Propriofoot concept on posture in children under 12 years of age
(Stowarzyszenie Idōkan Polska : Rzeszów, 2025) Azor, Stanislav; Marko, Michal; Adamčák, Štefan; Bartik, Pavol
Background. Correct posture, both body and foot, is essential in karate for maintaining balance, generating power, and preventing injury. Despite its importance, correcting improper posture remains challenge, particularly in children under 12 years of age who are still undergoing physical development. This age group requires more time and structured guidance to master correct posture. Problem and aim. Interventions aimed at improving posture in karate, especially for children under 12, represent a significant area of research. However, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, notable gaps persist in the literature within the Slovak context. Therefore, the aim of this study was to experimentally validate the impact of the Propriofoot Concept on posture improvement in young karate practitioners under the age of 12. Material and methods. A 10-week intervention program (Propriofoot Concept) was conducted from September 2 to November 8, 2024, with sessions held three times per week, each lasting 10 minutes. The program targeted 8 children (50%) under 12 years of age in the experimental group (mean age: 10.40 ± 0.60 years; weight: 38.20 ± 2.40 kg; height: 138.60 ± 2.40 cm). The control group also consisted of 8 children (50%) under 12 years of age (mean age: 10.80 ± 0.80 years; weight: 36.40 ± 2.20 kg; height: 136.20 ± 2.40 cm), who did not receive any experimental stimulus. Posture evaluation was performed using a standardized method, Klein and Thomas’s, refined by Mayer and Srdecny’s Index Method. Assessments were conducted before (Week 1, September 2) and after (Week 10, November 8, 2024) the intervention. The impact of the program was statistically evaluated using the Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Test, Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test, and Pearson’s r. Results. The 10-week intervention program significantly improved posture in the experimental group (n = 8, 50%), with results showing statistically significant improvements (p < 0.01; p < 0.05). In contrast, no significant changes were observed in the control group (n = 8; p > 0.05). Conclusions. The absence of significant improvements in the control group highlights the importance of structured intervention programs in correcting posture among young karate athletes. These findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions that support motor learning, posture correction, and motivation, particularly for children under 12 years of age engaged in karate training.
Dynamic function of spine and its influence by 10-week intervention program in students of performing arts
(IP Iermakov SS : Charkov, 2025) Marko, Michal; Adamčák, Štefan; Azor, Stanislav; Bartik, Pavol
Background and Study Aim. Students of performing arts often engage in repetitive practice routines. This can lead to overuse and muscle fatigue, which increase the risk of acute pain in the neck, arms, and shoulders. These conditions may negatively affect both quality of life and performance. Although various corrective approaches are applied in performing arts education, their relative effectiveness in improving spinal function remains a matter of practical interest. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of a 10-week intervention program on the dynamic function of the spine in students of performing arts. Material and Methods. The 10-week intervention program was carried out twice per week for 30 minutes (Tuesday, Thursday) between October 14 and December 20, 2024. It was aimed at improving the dynamic function of the spine in 16 students (58%) of performing arts who were assigned to the experimental group (age 22.20 ± 1.40 years, weight 80.60 ± 2.80 kg, height 180.20 ± 4.40 cm). Twelve students (42%) received no intervention and formed the control group (age 22.80 ± 1.40 years, weight 76.80 ± 1.60 kg, height 176.80 ± 2.80 cm). All 28 students (100%) were bachelor’s degree students (1st–3rd year) in Performing Arts and Composition at the Academy of Arts in Banská Bystrica (Faculty of Performing Arts). Standardized measures for evaluating the dynamic function of the spine (forward and side bend tests) were applied before the program (Week 1, October 14) and after completion (Week 10, December 20, 2024). The impact was evaluated using the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results. The results demonstrated significant improvements (p < .01) in the dynamic function of the spine in the experimental group (N = 16, 58%) after the 10-week intervention, particularly in forward and side bend tests. Scores in the forward bend test improved from -10.62 ± 4.24 cm in Week 1 to -2.74 ± 1.84 cm in Week 10 (Z = 3.52, p < .01, r = .62). Improvements (p < .01) were also observed in the side bend test, with lateral flexion to the right increasing from 18.56 ± .62 cm to 21.56 ± .62 cm (Z = 3.54, p < .01, r = .62) and lateral flexion to the left increasing from 18.36 ± 1.02 cm to 21.54 ± .60 cm (Z = 3.60, p < .01, r = .64). No significant improvements (p > .05) were observed in the control group (N = 12, 42%), suggesting that the 10-week intervention program contributed to the observed outcomes. Conclusions. The 10-week intervention program significantly improved (p < .01) the dynamic function of the spine in students (N = 16, 58%) of performing arts. These results underscore the importance of interventions in mitigating musculoskeletal risks associated with prolonged instrumental practice. Future research should explore long-term effects and broader applications of such interventions within performing arts education.
Environmental awareness and behaviors in outdoor physical activity: perspectives of high school students
(Mendelova univerzita v Brně : Brno, 2025) Azor, Stanislav; Marko, Michal; Adamčák, Štefan; Kuriplachová, Ľudmila
Environmental degradation (climate change) continues to endanger ecosystems – making it important to understand how students; in particular, at high schools in Slovakia, view roles (their) in environmental conservation, while participating in outdoor physical activity; therefore, study (our) aims at exploring intersections of environmental awareness and behaviors in outdoor physical activity from the perspectives of high school students. 3-item survey (instrument) was carried out 4 months (September 1 – December 24, 2024), targeting 1619 (100%) students at high schools (45.03% of boys and 54.97% of girls), aged 16.60 ± 1.20 years. 51.14% (828, n) of students believed that environmental awareness in outdoor physical activity is important in terms of environmental conservation (p ˂ 0.01). 67.63% (1095, n) of students reported doing best (their) to leave as little impact on environments as possible by disposing of trash, while participating in outdoor physical activity (p ˂ 0.01). 648 (40.02%) students reported using apps (basic) that help to improve environmental awareness in outdoor physical activity (p ˂ 0.01). Students (≥ 75%) recognize the importance of environmental awareness and adopt behaviors – sustainable, in outdoor physical activity; however, there remains needs for further educational interventions to encourage wider adoption of technology-driven environmental awareness tools.
Harmonizing musculoskeletal health: transformative effects of 8-week intervention program on posture in music students
(IP Iermakov S.S. : Charkov, 2024) Azor, Stanislav; Marko, Michal; Adamčák, Štefan; Bartik, Pavol
Background and Study Aim. Musculoskeletal complaints are common among music students, irrespective of gender. They develop due to intense practice over an instrument; spending long hours of practice may cause muscular imbalance, tension, and awkward posture. The repetitive nature of practice in music students may cause overuse and fatigue. This increases the risk of acute pain and can affect both quality of life and performance. Therefore, the present study aimed at evaluating the transformative effects of an 8-week intervention program on posture in music students. Material and Methods. The 8-week intervention program with transformative effects was conducted over 8 weeks (from September 18 to November 12) on Mondays and Thursdays, for 45 minutes each session. The program aimed to benefit 25 music students, of whom (i) 15 were in the experimental group (with an average age of 24.20 years, average weight of 82.40 kg, and average height of 178.60 cm), and (ii) 10 were in the control group (with an average age of 24.60 years, average weight of 78.40 kg, and average height of 182.20 cm). All participants were enrolled in the second year of a master's degree program in Performing Arts. Standardized measures for evaluating posture (utilizing Klein and Thomas's method, as refined by Mayer) were conducted both before (Week 1, September 18) and after (Week 8, November 12) the intervention. The impact of the 8-week intervention program was assessed using the Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Test, Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test, and Pearson's r. Results. Significant differences (p ˂ 0.05, ˂ 0.01) between 25 music students (M); in particular experimental group (n = 15) and control group (n = 10), were in 4 (80%) segments of body in post-test: (i) Head and neck; (ii) Abdomen and pelvis; (iii) Curvature of spine; (iiii) Shoulders and scapulas. Insignificant differences (p ˃ 0.05) between 25 music students (M) were in pre-test. Conclusions. Significant differences (p ˂ 0.05, ˂ 0.01) indicated the transformative effects in the experimental group's (n = 15) posture. This emphasizes the potential of the 8-week intervention program in promoting musculoskeletal health of music students. Therefore, additional research is necessary to investigate the lasting resilience (sustainability) of advantages and enhance the intervention plan in music education.
Miera záujmu učiteľov telesnej a športovej výchovy na 2. stupni základných škôl o multimediálne knihy so zameraním na vyučovanie basketbalu a volejbalu
(Technická univerzita vo Zvolene, 2024) Beťák, Boris; Izáková, Andrea; Opáth, Lukáš; Popelka, Jaroslav; Azor, Stanislav; Barthová, Martina
Príspevok prezentuje mieru záujmu učiteľov telesnej a športovej výchovy na 2. stupni základných škôl o multimediálne knihy so zameraním na vyučovanie športových hier basketbal a volejbal. Prieskumnú vzorku tvorilo 1168 učiteľov telesnej a športovej výchov (54,37 % mužov a 45,63 % žien), ktorí vyučovali na 2. stupni 635 základných škôl zo 47 okresov Slovenka. Prieskum prebiehal prostredníctvom neštandardizovaného 39 položkového dotazníka kombinovanou formou (osobne + elektronicky). Pri knihe zameranej na vyučovanie basketbalu (51,18 % mužov a 53,85 % žien) aj volejbalu (48,50 % mužov a 54,41 % žien) dominovala odpoveď, že by učitelia mali o ňu určite záujem. Sumárne vyjadrilo pozitívne stanovisko k učebnici so zameraním na basketbal ako aj na volejbal viac ako 80 % mužov a žien. Signifikantné rozdiely v odpovediach mužov a žien neboli zistené. Prieskum bol realizovaný v rámci grantovej úlohy KEGA č. 005UMB-4/2023.
Motivačné faktory a bariéry účasti na pohybových aktivitách so zameraním na športové hry u študentov Akadémie umení v Banskej Bystrici
(Západočeská univerzita v Plzni, 2025) Marko, Michal; Azor, Stanislav; Adamčák, Štefan
Background: Students of artistic disciplines exhibit a unique study style that involves prolonged concentration on creative activities and individual projects. This nature of study influences their physical activity habits and opportunities for engaging in sports. Physical activity serves not only as a means to maintain physical fitness but also as an effective tool for psychological regeneration and enhancing creativity, which is particularly relevant for this group of students. Playful sports and movement activities offer an ideal opportunity to relieve mental tension, support social interactions, and develop teamwork skills, thereby naturally complementing the demanding artistic studies. Objectives: This study analyzes the motivational factors and barriers to participation in physical activities, particularly sports games, among students of the Academy of Arts in Banská Bystrica. It also identifies gender differences in preferences and obstacles. Methodology: The research was conducted during the winter semester of 2024/2025 using an anonymous online questionnaire. The sample consisted of 143 students (69 males, 74 females) with an average age of 21.9 years for males and 22.7 years for females. Data were analyzed using descriptive methods and the chi-square test at a significance level of α = 0.05. Results: The physical activities of students predominantly have a recreational character, a trend observed in 66.4% of males and 66.2% of females. The most frequent daily step count ranged between 6,000 and 10,000 steps, reported by 55.1% of male and 59.5% of female respondents. The dominant motivational factor for engaging in physical activities involving sports games was health improvement, declared by 28.9% of males and 32.4% of females. The most significant limitation for such activities was a lack of free time, identified by 53.6% of males and 52.7% of females. The chi-square test analysis did not reveal statistically significant gender differences among the observed variables (p > 0.05). Conclusions and Recommendations: Physical activity among students of artistic disciplines is predominantly recreational, with time constraints being the primary barrier to engaging in playful physical activities such as sports games. We recommend introducing flexible sports activities directly within the university environment, such as movement workshops or recreational sports games, many of which are both time- and cost-effective while also providing effective psychological relaxation and supporting recovery after demanding academic obligations.
Realizácia pohybových aktivít v prírodnom prostredí z pohľadu študentov Akadémie policajného zboru
(Technická univerzita vo Zvolene, 2024) Kozaňáková, Anna; Adamčák, Štefan; Marko, Michal; Azor, Stanislav
Štúdia analyzovala frekvenciu, trvanie a preferované prostredie pohybových aktivít (PA) v prírodnom prostredí, pričom zároveň identifikovala motivačné faktory a bariéry ovplyvňujúce účasť študentov na týchto aktivitách. Pohybové aktivity realizované v prírodnom prostredí prinášajú významné zdravotné a psycho-sociálne benefity, ako je zlepšenie fyzickej kondície, odbúranie stresu a podpora mentálneho zdravia. U mladých ľudí, vrátane študentov, tieto aktivity zohrávajú kľúčovú úlohu pri budovaní zdravého životného štýlu. Výskumnú vzorku tvorilo 181 študentov (101 žien a 80 mužov) bakalárskeho a magisterského štúdia. Prieskum prebiehal formou elektronického dotazníka, ktorý zhromažďoval údaje o frekvencii aktivít, preferenciách prostredí a dôvodoch pre PA. Štatistická analýza zahŕňala chí-kvadrát test, Spearmanovu koreláciu a segmentáciu. Muži preukázali výraznú preferenciu pre fyzicky náročnejšie prostredia, ako sú lesné chodníky a hory (51,25 %), zatiaľ čo ženy preferovali otvorené a menej náročné terény, konkrétne polia a lúky (20,79 %) a mestské parky a rekreačné zóny (22,50 %). Rozdiely v preferenciách medzi pohlaviami boli štatisticky významné (p<0,05). Vo všetkých analyzovaných segmentoch bol dominantným motivačným faktorom pre realizáciu pohybových aktivít relax a odbúranie stresu. Hlavnou prekážkou pre účasť na PA bol nedostatok času, pričom túto bariéru uviedlo 64,36 % žien a 63,75 % mužov. Frekvencia a intenzita pohybových aktivít sú ovplyvnené preferenciami prostredia a rodovými rozdielmi. Zvýšenie dostupnosti a vybavenosti prírodných športových plôch by mohlo zlepšiť mieru účasti na pohybových aktivitách, najmä u žien.
Recreational use of land: unveiling the modern frontier of outdoor adventure - geocaching
(Mendelova univerzita v Brně, 2024) Azor, Stanislav; Marko, Michal; Adamčák, Štefan
Educators play an important role (crucial) in introducing students to new outdoor adventure – Geocaching; however, educators (many) may not be aware of new outdoor adventure and/or lack the training (resource) to incorporate Geocaching into education. Because of that students miss the chance (may) to discover the modern frontier of outdoor adventure; therefore, the present study was aimed at exploring the awareness and level of involvement of students in modern frontier of outdoor adventure – Geocaching. 4-question survey (instrument) was carried out 4 months, as means of exploring the awareness and level of involvement of 1464 students in modern frontier of outdoor adventure – Geocaching. 32.04% of students know Geocaching (p ˂ .01; n = 470) and 400 (27.32%) of students are familiar with Geocaching (p ˂ .01). 56.90% of students do not know anyone who uses the app (p ˂ .01; n = 832). In terms of lack of awareness and exposure to Geocaching in students, initiatives (efforts) should be undertaken to promote it as available and exciting outdoor adventure. By unveiling the modern frontier of outdoor adventure – Geocaching, students may discover new ways of learning, exploring, and outdoor fun.
Six-week postural intervention program in 10-year-old students in physical and sports education
(H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University : Charkov, 2025) Azor, Stanislav; Marko, Michal; Adamčák, Štefan; Baisová, Karin; Bartik, Pavol; Sivrić, Hrvoje
Background and Purpose Correct posture during the school years is important in children's health, performance (academic) in schools, and well-being. Postural habits (incorrect) in children may lead to significant musculoskeletal disorders; in particular, low back pain and chronic ailments (other); therefore, aims of study was by experiment to validate the influence of six-week postural intervention program aimed at improving the posture in 10-year-old male students in Physical and Sports Education. Material and methods Six-week postural intervention program was carried out 6 weeks (May 6 - June 14, 2024), 2 x/ week/ 10 minutes (Tue/ Thu). Six-week postural intervention program was aimed at improving the posture of 20 10-year-old male students: (i) Experimental group (12 (n), 60%; age 10.20 ± 0.40 years, weight 36.20 ± 2.80 kg, height 138.40 ± 2.80 cm); (ii) Control group (8 (n), 40%; 10.20 ± 0.20 years, weight 36.80 ± 2.40 kg, height 136. 20 ± 4.80 cm). Standardized measure in evaluating the posture (utilizing Klein and Thomas's method, as refined by Mayer) was carried out before (Week 1; May 5, 2024) and after (Week 6; June 14, 2024) the six-week postural intervention program. 6-week postural intervention program and its influence was evaluated using the Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Test, Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test, and Pearson's r. Results Significant differences (p ˂ 0.05, 0.01) between 20 10-year-old male students; in particular, experimental group (12, 60%) and control group (8, 40%) was in 4 out of 5 segments of posture (body) in post-test (p ˂ 0.05, 0.01); in particular, head and neck (Z = -2.20, p ˂ 0.05, r = -0.50), abdomen and pelvis (Z = -2.76, p ˂ 0.01, r = -0.62), curvature of spine (Z = -3.20, p ˂ 0.01 , r = -0 .72), shoulders and scapulas (Z = -3.12, p ˂ 0.01, r = -0.70). Insignificant difference (p ˃ 0.05) between 20 10-year-old male students was in shape of chest (Z = -0.56, p ˃ 0.05, r = -0.12; post-test). Conclusions Six-week postural program (intervention) improved the posture of experimental group (12, 60%), demonstrating the improvements in 4 out of 5 segments of posture. Postural (target) exercises may reduce the risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders and promote better posture in children in critical developmental years. No significant difference (p ˃ 0.05) between 20 10-year-old male students was in shape of chest, indicating that certain postural features may require different and/or prolonged interventions.
Sleep quality of high school students in central Slovakia
(Trenčianska univerzita Alexandra Dubčeka v Trenčíne, 2024) Adamčák, Štefan; Marko, Michal; Kľocová Adamčáková, Zora; Azor, Stanislav; Bartik, Pavol
Theoretical background. Sleep quality and its importance in high school students is paramount because recognizing the sleep needs of high school students is important because of well-being (health) and academic performance (success); therefore, the aim of study was to examine the sleep quality of high school students in Slovakia. Materials and Methods. Research instrument (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) was carried out 6 months (January - June) because of examining (e.g., analyze, compare) the sleep quality of high school male (630; 45.65 %) and female (750; 54.35 %) students in Slovakia, attending the grammar (598; 43.34 %) and vocational (782; 56.66 %) high schools, and living in Zvolen (720; 52.18 %) and B. Bystrica (660; 47.82 %). Examining the sleep quality of high school students (1 380; 100 %) in Slovakia was by means of chi-square test, of which the significance level was 0.01 and 0.05 and Pearson's r (Ibm Spss Modeler). Results. Significant difference (0.01; 0.05) between high school male (630; 45.65 %) and female (750; 54.35 %) students was in sleep quality (0.01), sleep latency (0.01), sleep duration (0.05), sleep disturbance (0.01), sleep medication (0.01), and daytime dysfunction (0.01). No difference (0.01; 0.05) between high school students (1 380; 100 %) was in sleep efficiency (˃ 0.05). Conclusions. Supporting sleep habits (quality); in particular; consistent bedtimes, promoting and creating sleep environment (safe), improves the sleep quality in high school students. Sustaining communication (open) about sleep issues may facilitate the development of effective sleep strategy tailored to individual needs.

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