08 Články v časopisoch

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Prehliadanie 08 Články v časopisoch podľa Predmet "2. svetová vojna"

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  • Obrázok miniatúry
    Položka
    Differences in the British perceptions of the Slovaks and Czechs during their struggle to re-estabilish Czechoslovakia in exile between 1939 and 1941
    (Belianum. Vydavateľstvo Univerzity Mateja Bela v Banskej Bystrici, 2025) Ličko, Roman
    The political activities of the Czech and Slovak exiles who fled to Britain at the beginning of WWII to re-establish Czechoslovakia have been researched ever since the end of the war. The interest in the subject intensified after the fall of Communism in 1989, when Czech and Slovak historians in Central Europe gained access to archives in the West. Their work so far has focused on the challenges the exiled politicians faced when dealing with the British government and the differences the Czech and Slovak leaders had among themselves when it came to postwar constitutional settlement between the Czech lands and Slovakia. The aim of this study is to investigate the British government’s perceptions of the two nations during the process of Britain’s diplomatic recognition of the Czechoslovak government-in-exile between 1939 and 1941. It focuses on how the British Foreign Office and its diplomatic service perceived the Slovaks and their political culture, in contrast to their views of the Czechs. The main object of the author’s analysis were the primary documents of the Foreign Office, deposited in the collections of the British National Archives at Kew, London. These included diplomatic dispatches, reports and minutes by the Foreign Office’s political and legal advisers which informed British foreign policy towards the Czechs and Slovaks during and immediately after WWII. It argues that that the British view of the Czechoslovak political leadership on the eve of WWII was very negative. As the war progressed and the military situation in Western Europe worsened, the perceptions of the Czechs at the Foreign Office and among its diplomats improved, whereas the Slovaks continued to be treated with condescension as a politically immature people, lacking political leadership to run their political affairs on a par with the Czechs.
  • Obrázok miniatúry
    Položka
    Slovak reflections on the August 1944 coup in Romania and its impact on the Slovak National Uprising
    (Romanian Academy : Bukurešť, 2024) Syrný, Marek
    In July and August 1944, the former dominion and stability of the Third Reich began to shake at its foundations. First, a new front opened up in Western Europe and Germany began to fall into the Allies’ encircling pincers. Shortly thereafter, an unsuccessful attempt to change Hitler’s government took place, and a highly successful Soviet offensive was underway, which in a matter of weeks pushed the Red Army hundreds of miles closer to Berlin. The most decisive, however, was still August 1944, when as many as four major uprisings or coups took place in territories controlled or occupied by Germany. After the urban uprisings in Warsaw or Paris, there was a major reversal in Romania and, shortly afterwards, a broader uprising in Slovakia. This paper will address the possible inspiration of the Romanian coup for the decision and the developments in Slovakia at the end of August 1944. It will focus on Romania’s and Slovakia’s position in the German great power system up to that time. It will analyze the dilemmas of pro-German governments facing the prospect of a Soviet invasion of their country and of an overall German defeat. In particular, however, it attempts to answer the central question of the possible effects of the Romanian coup on the development of the situation in Slovakia in the context of the Slovak National Uprising.
  • Obrázok miniatúry
    Položka
    Slovak resistance and émigrés: plans for the post-war era and political reality in Slovakia after the crossing of the front
    (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego : Katowice, 2025) Syrný, Marek
    During World War II, various groups of the Czechoslovak foreign or home resistance created their own plans and visions for the post‑war period. While for the Czechoslovak democratic exile in the West, as well as for the democratic resistance in Slovakia, the priority was the restoration of a democratic Czechoslovakia, for the Czech and Slovak communists it was mainly the reconstruction of a Czechoslovak statehood that would be as closely linked as possible to the Soviet Union and in which the communists would have a strong governmental position. On the other hand, however, there was also a significant contradiction between the Czech exile and the domestic Slovak resistance in reference to the question of the post‑war position of Slovakia in a restored Czechoslovakia. On this issue, the Slovak democrats were closer to the Czech communists who, unlike Beneš and his entourage, were willing to give them the desired federation. This, in addition to the idea of the restoration of a democratic Czechoslovakia, also formed the basis for the resistance cooperation between Slovak communists and democrats. After the war, however, shortly after the front had crossed into the newly liberated territory of Slovakia, a new post‑war reality based on the presence of Soviet military and intelligence agencies addressed the previous plans of the resistance. They were forcing the communists close to them, which resulted in the dominance of the communists in the liberated territory. However, this was relatively ably seconded by the Slovak democrats, especially when the Soviet authorities left the territory with the advancing front.
  • Obrázok miniatúry
    Položka
    Sovětská percepce československé exilové politiky v letech 1941-1943
    (Praha : Historický ústav AV ČR, 2024) Pinchuk, Vera
    Based on archival sources, materials published in collections of documents, memoirs, and scientific works, the article examines the Soviet perception of Czechoslovak emigration policy. It is dedicated to the development of Czechoslovak- Soviet relations in the period 1941–1943, from the recognition of the Czechoslovak government in exile to the signing of the Treaty of Friendship, Mutual Assistance and Post-War Cooperation with the government of the Soviet Union on 12 December 1943. The article examines the place of the Czechoslovak government in London in the foreign policy of the Soviet Union, as well as the factors that influenced the change in the USSR’s position towards the Czechoslovak government in exile during this period.