08 Články v časopisoch

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Addressing power imbalances in research and translation studies
(Ústav svetovej literatúry SAV : Bratislava, 2024) Hostová, Ivana; Monticelli, Daniele; Kalnychenko, Oleksandr; Djovčoš, Martin
The upheavals of recent years have underscored the depth of global interconnectedness, with events like the COVID-19 pandemic, advancements in AI, and armed conflicts prompting swift and unpredictable economic and social changes worldwide. In particular, the discussion delves into the power dynamics within academia, the unequal positioning of researchers in the global knowledge market, and the fundamental right of translation within economic relationships. Drawing from a conference held in Bratislava, Slovakia, in September 2023, this article addresses issues of translation and interpreting-related power dynamics against the backdrop of contemporary political, economic, and cultural developments. Speakers from diverse backgrounds explore how academia can respond to prevailing power hierarchies and disparities in visibility, and whether such structures can be challenged or altered. The discussion extends to the subjectivity inherent in research, including sources of funding, national affiliations, and personal values. Ethical considerations surrounding researcher positionality and appropriating research topics are scrutinized, with a focus on inclusivity and participation. The article emphasizes the importance of considering diverse perspectives and ensuring representation in research teams, particularly when studying topics related to minority groups. Overall, the dialogue offers insights into navigating power dynamics within academia, advocating for ethical research practices, and promoting inclusivity in scholarly pursuits. Oleksand Kalnychenko's contribution to the present volume was supported by the NextGenerationEU programme under the Recovery and Resilience Plan of the Slovak Republic, Project no. 09I03-03-V01-00148.
Afektívna poetika Michala Talla
(Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach, 2025) Urbanová Šimková, Eva
Michal Tallo belongs to the young generation reviving certain aspects of anesthetic poetics, which formed in Slovak poetry at the beginning of the 1990s. Anesthetic procedures are directly related to the observed aspect of emotionality in Tallo‘s work. The paper follows the male lyrical heroes from the collections Antimita (Anti-intimacy) (2016), Δ [Delta] (Delta) (2018), Kniha tmy (The Book of Darkness) (2021), and the male characters of the short story Futbal (Football) from the book Všetko je v poriadku, všade je láska (All is well, there is love everywhere) (2024). The paper focuses primarily on one element of Michal Tallo poetics, which is called "admitted affectivity." Affectivity proves specific characteristics of the author's work, which oscillate between the two extreme positions of suppressing and releasing emotions.
AI in interpreting training
(Stimul : Bratislava, 2025) Hatiarová, Patrícia
This paper presents a structured protocol for integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into interpreter training, with a focus on ChatGPT, speech-to-text, and text-to-speech tools. It outlines a step-by-step methodology developed through practical experience and student feedback, aiming to enhance autonomous practice and real-time, detailed feedback among interpreting students. The paper contextualizes the use of AI in interpreter training by discussing the theoretical foundations of AI technologies and the evolving role of generative AI in the interpreter training process. A pedagogical framework is proposed for classroom implementation, including prompt engineering, ChatGPT-generated speech, and AI-based performance evaluation. Students’ responses highlight key benefits such as flexibility, increased practice opportunities, and personalized feedback, while also acknowledging limitations related to emotional nuance and reliability. The study concludes with recommendations for the responsible use of AI and directions for future research on adaptive interpreter training.
Akademicky o preklade v textoch, súvislostiach a vzťahoch
(Prešov : Lingvokulturologické a prekladateľsko-tlmočnícke centrum excelentnosti pri Filozofickej fakulte Prešovskej univerzity, 2024) Cintula, Igor
Analyse des néologismes affixaux par le biais de Sketch Engine
(Institut za jezik i književnost, Filološki fakultet : Nikšić, 2025) Chovancová, Katarína; Ráčková, Lucia
Le présent article sʼintéresse à lʼutilisation de l’outil de pointe en matière de corpus Sketch Engine créé en 2004 à l’Université Masaryk de Brno, République tchèque dans le cadre dʼune recherche sur les néologismes. Nous allons éclaircir les points forts et faibles de ce site web en nous servant de notre propre expérience de recherche en néologie lexicale, notamment sur le lexique de la période de la propagation du virus SARS-Cov-2 (2020 – 2022). Lʼéchantillon de la recherche sur la crise sanitaire a été élaboré à partir du quotidien Libération. Pour ce faire, nous allons présenter brièvement le logiciel dʼorigine tchèque et par suite procéder à lʼapplication de ses fonctions dans la recherche en question. Comme le Sketch Engine favorise l’analyse quantitative et le recueil des données statistiques, il est à supposer que le principal défi pour l’utilisateur consiste à traiter des données de nature qualitative, particulièrement au niveau sémantique de la langue. Même si le logiciel, grâce à la possibilité de travailler avec des corpus vastes, montre de nouvelles tendances dans la création des mots en français, le manque de lemmatisation, dʼétiquetage des affixes et de références temporelles est à constater. Pour les langues à lʼécriture plus développée, y compris le français, le travail des chercheurs est rendu encore plus difficile vu lʼortographe contenant des accents qui complique la recherche des entrées. Les résultats scientifiques obtenus peuvent être utiles aux lexicographes pour une recherche et un traitement plus efficaces des nouvelles unités lexicales, ainsi que pour l'amélioration des méthodologies de création de dictionnaires, et ce, également aux linguistes de corpus et autres spécialistes travaillant sur les langues et les lexiques variés.
Anglicizmus startup a jeho deriváty vo frankofónnom mediálnom diskurze na pozadí expresívnej lexiky
(Lingvokulturologické a prekladateľsko-tlmočnícke centrum excelentnosti pri Filozofickej fakulte Prešovskej univerzity, 2024) Veselá, Dagmar
Odborný termín startup, ktorým sa označuje mladý, inovatívny a rýchlo sa rozvíjajúci podnik s vysokým potenciálom rastu, predstavuje z hľadiska lexikálnej motivácie (Furdík, 2008) výpožičku prevzatú z angloamerického jazykového prostredia. V súčasnosti sa zaraďuje medzi pomerne frekventované „interlingválne motivované“ (Ološtiak – Gianitsová-Ološtiaková, 2018, s. 32) jednotky slovnej zásoby a v mediálnom diskurze na Slovensku, ako aj vo Francúzsku a iných frankofónnych krajinách sa teší mimoriadnej obľube aj napriek existencii francúzskeho ekvivalentu jeune pousse (cf. graf 1). Ten bol vytvorený s cieľom poskytnúť frankofónnemu používateľovi jazyka významovo priezračný termín s využitím slovotvorných prostriedkov vlastných francúzštine a zároveň zatlačiť do úzadia exogénny jazykový prvok, alebo prinajmenšom zmierniť frekvenciu jeho používania.
Aprimorando a competência intercultural no ensino superior por meio da aprendizagem baseada em mídia
(Universidade Estadual Paulista : Araraquara, 2025) Shekhavtsova, Svitlana; Ryabukha, Galyna; Pavliuk, Olena; Pedchenko, Svitlana; Komlyk, Nataliia; Zhovtani, Ruslana
O artigo examina a formação da competência intercultural em estudantes do ensino superior, ressaltando o papel da mídia-educação nesse processo. A globalização e as mudanças sociais exigem a superação das limitações das metodologias tradicionais. O estudo identifica as etapas do desenvolvimento intercultural — negação, defesa, aceitação, adaptação e integração — e avalia a eficácia das tecnologias educacionais baseadas em mídia. Por meio de métodos analíticos, experimentais e estatísticos, constatou-se uma correlação positiva entre o uso frequente dessas ferramentas e o desempenho dos estudantes. Os resultados destacam a importância da integração ampla da mídia-educação no ensino superior para promover competências interculturais.
Beyond the market: Translation and cultural resistance in Slovak periodicals
(Ústav svetovej literatúry SAV : Bratislava, 2025) Hostová, Ivana; Spišiaková, Eva; Bachledová, Marianna; Tyšš Rondziková, Natália; Tyšš, Igor; Novotný, Róbert; Gramanich Štromajer, Richard
This article contributes to the framework of big translation history, conceptualized by Diana Roig-Sanz and Laura Fólica in 2021, by analyzing medium-sized datasets of translations published in four Slovak periodicals, assembled by the authorial team in 2024, and applying data-driven methods to uncover broader historical and cultural patterns. The analytical lens used in this study is the source language, treated as a cultural good with varying degrees of symbolic capital within the ecosystem of world languages. An analysis of the literary periodical Revue svetovej literatúry, alongside data on the Slovak book market from 1995 to 2015, reveals that Revue – as a translation-focused periodical with a strong editorial direction and supported by cultural subsidies – can subvert dominant linguistic power relations by significantly diminishing the prominence of English as a source language. Moreover, a comparison of the choice and distribution of source languages in two periodicals from the late 1990s and two from the early 2020s allows for an exploration of questions such as the changing role of German as a language mediating international discourse and current knowledge, both in the years following the fall of the iron curtain and in the decades that followed. This work was supported by EU – NextGenerationEU through the Recovery and Resilience Plan for Slovakia under the project No 09I03-03-V04-00667 “Information flows and zones of resistance: Translation in Slovak cultural and literary periodicals since the 1990s”.
Beyond the snapshot: Fostering cultural literacy in the classroom with photovoice
(Elsevier B.V. : Amsterdam, 2025) Straub, Eva; Cox, Jon; Slatinská, Anna
This article presents the outcomes of a photovoice workshop implemented in an academically gifted program in Pennsylvania, United States. The study's primary objective was to investigate the efficacy of photovoice, using cyanotype-style photographs, when used as an educational strategy for enhancing the cultural literacy experiences of gifted middle school students through creativity and discussion. The project, which involved 36 sixth-grade students aged 11–12, was led by an associate professor from the University of Delaware's Department of Art and Design in conjunction with the school's gifted education teachers. The thematic analysis of student work, using Hall’s (1976) Cultural Iceberg Theory, demonstrated the effectiveness of the photovoice workshop in fostering cultural literacy. The workshop ultimately fostered the students' understanding of various aspects and dimensions of cultural competence.
„Boleslavínovci“. Príbeh autocenzurovanej básnickej zbierky „City vděčnosti mladých synů Slovenska“ (1837)
(Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach, 2025) Golema, Martin
The article focuses on the collection Feelings of Gratitude in which the names of future members of the secret society Vzájemnost dominate and proposes for this group of authors an alternative designation „Boleslavinians“. It refers to the initiator and the leader in the background at the time of collection preparation Alexander Boleslavín Vrchovský. The article aims to supplement and accentuate the non-monolithic model of Slovak Romanticism by emphasizing one aspect: the need to more distinctly separate and foreground, within scholarly and educational narratives, the earlier formative phase of the “Boleslavinians” – characterized by republican, democratic, Mazzinian, and Polonophile orientations – and to link it more explicitly to the broader European democratizing “wave of national romanticism” of 1830.
Bus stop proper name models and modelling process
(Univerzita Mateja Bela : Banská Bystrica, 2025) Odaloš, Pavol; Vinczeová, Barbora
This paper presents the bus stop proper name modelling process and models in Banská Bystrica city and Banská Bystrica district. The term A1 model refers to models mapping the bus stop proper name content/meaning. The data set consists of 326 bus stop proper names. These were acquired during a research period in the field and online in June and July 2024. Bus transport in Banská Bystrica city is dominated by A1 = (U) + BT two-component model and A1 = (U) + BT + BT three-component model (1). In Banská Bystrica district, A1 = (U) + BT + BT three-component model is most frequent. The BT functional component was dominant in all models. This component underlines the bus stop’s relation to a specific place and narrows its location. The numeric value (NV) and characteristic (CH) functional components are rarely used. When used, they include a reference to a number or a certain characteristic in the bus stop proper name.
Česko-slovenské haiku: na príklade haiku Katky Soustružníkovej a Petra Kovalika
(Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Filozofická fakulta, 2025) Urbanová Šimková, Eva
The paper applies a genological approach to assessing the Czech and Slovak variants of the Japanese art of haiku. The main focus is on haiku as a genre that is modified under the influence of time and the style of individual creators. The genre categories of the Japanese invariant are analyzed using the example of the Czech and Slovak haiku of Katka Soustružníková and Peter Kovalik. These authors represent the classical haiku, defined by rules stemming from the origins of Japanese aesthetics. The individual principles of this minimalist poetry are revealed not only with regard to the poetics of haiku, but also the authors’ individual styles. The paper thus implicitly points to the artistically com pelling realization of a genre invariant, which ultimately enriches domestic literature.
Cit pre cit: príklad Gregorovci
(Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach, 2025) Jančovič, Ivan
The paper focuses on the short story Maco Mlieč by Jozef Gregor Tajovský. It examines the author’s empathy toward the socially and personally conditioned problems of the world, as well as his poetics, that is the way of artistic articulation of the theme in the short story. The paper traces the shifts in interpretations of Maco Mlieč throughout the 20th century up to the most recent research by Marcela Mikulová. It draws attention to Mikulová’s ability to interpret previously overlooked elements of the short story, thus arriving at a significantly different and more complex interpretation. In conc-lusion, the paper discusses the didactic processing of Maco Mlieč in secondary school curricula, focusing on the possibilities that literary research proposes for the educational sphere.
Comparative analysis of the terms understatement and meiosis in academic literature
(Univerzita Mateja Bela : Banská Bystrica, 2025) Gramanich Štromajer, Richard
The paper offers a comparative analysis of the terms understatement and meiosis, highlighting their conceptual similarities and unique treatment in academic literature. Both involve a decrease in propositional meaning; however, their interpretation differs among various theoretical frameworks. Understatement is commonly regarded as a pragmatic phenomenon reliant on context, while meiosis is typically characterised as a more emphatic and rhetorically significant form of minimisation. By incorporating various definitions, cultural viewpoints, and current scholarly analyses, the article uncovers the ambiguous terminology surrounding these concepts. It suggests that a more accurate distinction, based on the extent of minimisation, rhetorical purpose, and contextual usage, is essential for a better understanding of their functions within the classification of rhetorical, stylistic, and literary devices.
Covert simultaneous post-editing in online assessment of students' sight translation
(National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute : Kyjev, 2024) Chernovatyi, Leonid
This first attempt aims to determine the extent of students’ covert use of machine translation (MT) in the online assessment of their sight translation, the strategies of such use, and its signs. The study is based on the analysis of target texts (TT) of specialised online sight translation from Ukrainian into English by 13 BA and 10 MA students. The procedure involved the comparison of the students' TTs with their MT counterparts. Signs of covert MT were found in 46% of the BA and 30% of the MA students’ translations. The main method of this covert MT use is "simultaneous post-editing", i.e., the immediate oral post-editing of the MT text generated by the students on their screens and hidden from the assessor, while they deliver their supposedly original TTs. Simultaneous post-editing strategies range from replacing individual lexemes with their synonyms, adding and deleting elements, changing the syntactic functions of words or phrases, rearranging sentence fragments, transforming their structure, to applying several of these strategies simultaneously. Other methods of concealment include alternating MT systems in translating the same source text, as well as artificially slowing down the process of reading the TT from the screen, accompanied by pauses in the relevant text fragments to perform certain mental operations. In order to increase objectivity, the author recommends a delayed assessment of students' online interpreting recordings. The research perspective is to study the didactic potential of simultaneous post-editing as a procedure for developing general interpreting skills.
Dame mit rotem Sonnenschirm (ein Beispiel für den Einsatz von linguistic landscape im (Fremdsprachen-) Unterricht)
(Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave, 2024) Molnárová, Eva
Linguistic Landscape is one of the relatively young, but already established, fields of applied linguistics. However, its use in the classroom has been slow in coming. This article is a continuation of our didactic studies on the use of LL in the classroom. The aim of this article is to present the potential of artistically designed signs, which represent the possibility of extending language teaching to include education through art.
Deadpool a Wolverine: čo všetko ovplyvňuje výber vulgarizmov a ofenzívnej lexiky v dabingu?
(Lingvokulturologické a prekladateľsko-tlmočnícke centrum excelentnosti pri Filozofickej fakulte Prešovskej univerzity, 2025) Laš, Matej
Od kultúrneho obratu v translatológii (Bassnettová – Lefevere, 1990) sa okrem jazykového hľadiska kladie väčší dôraz na kultúrne faktory ovplyvňujúce jednotlivé typy prekladu. Kultúrne rozdiely totiž ovplyvňujú používanie jazyka a sú výsledkom rozdielnej spoločensko-historickej tradície danej kultúry. Pokiaľ hovoríme o ofenzívnej lexike a konkrétne o vulgarizmoch, problém netkvie v propozičnom význame slov, ale v percepcii expresívnosti pri používaní vulgarizmov v jednotlivých registroch jazyka. Propozičný význam slov je totiž vo väčšine prípadov zanedbateľný, výnimku tvoria jedine vizuálne narážky, prípadne slovné hry. V audiovizuálnom preklade a konkrétne v preklade dabingu navyše vstupujú do hry aj ďalšie faktory, z ktorých nie všetky z nich dokáže prekladateľ ovplyvniť – napr. tón hlasu herca. Cieľom tohto článku je na príklade stručnej autokritiky (Laš, 2019) zameranej na preklad vulgarizmov a ofenzívnej lexiky v dabingu k filmu Deadpool a Wolverine vysvetliť proces prekladu vulgarizmov a prostredníctvom neho vyvodiť všetky faktory, ktoré som pri prekladateľských rozhodnutiach bral ako prekladateľ dabingu do úvahy. Keďže ide o pomerne subjektívnu oblasť, budeme brať do úvahy aj recepciu dabingov slovenskými divákmi, ktorá nám pomôže poodhaliť jazykovú normu prijímajúcej kultúry. V nasledujúcej časti stručne predstavíme sériu Deadpool a potom zadefinujeme pojem vulgarizmov a vysvetlíme problémy vyplývajúce zo snahy o jeho hierarchizáciu.
Der kommunikativ-pragmatische Ansatz zur Gestaltung der Sprachlandschaft
(Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave, 2024) Dobrík, Zdenko; Lauková, Jana
Die Namen von Straßen, Plätzen und anderen öffentlichen Räumen stellen einen untrennbaren Teil der sprachlichen Landschaft dar. Für ein tieferes Verständnis dieser sprachlichen Landschaft sind nicht nur die Namen dieser Räume wichtig, sondern auch die prozessualen Aspekte ihrer Benennung aus einer kommunikativ-pragmatischen Perspektive. Heutzutage umfasst der Prozess der Benennung öffentlicher Räume häufig Online-Diskussionen und Kommentare von Leserinnen und Lesern der Online-Tages- und Wochenzeitungen, die journalistische Texte zu diesem Thema veröffentlichen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird die Sprache dieser Online-Diskussionen analysiert, insbesondere im Zusammenhang mit der Benennung und Umbenennung von öffentlichen Räumen nach umstrittenen Persönlichkeiten. Ziel ist es, die sprachlichen Merkmale dieser Diskussionen zu identifizieren und aufzuzeigen, wie eng sie mit den kognitiven und emotionalen Einstellungen der Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer sowie ihren Wertvorstellungen verbunden sind.
Développer la compétence interculturelle de l’apprenant à travers la littérature francophone translingue d’exil et de migration
(Ostravská univerzita v Ostravě, 2024) Schmitt, François
L’article défend les avantages de l’introduction de la littérature translingue d’exil et de migration dans l’enseignement du français langue étrangère (FLE) pour développer la compétence interculturelle de l’apprenant à travers une réflexion sur son expérience de l’altérité. Les bienfaits de la littérature en classe de FLE ne sont plus à démontrer. Les textes littéraires peuvent d’abord servir de supports pour travailler la langue. Du point de vue anthropologique, la littérature fournit aussi à l’apprenant des clés de lecture l’aidant à mieux comprendre la culture cible. Enfin, elle permet de développer sa compétence interculturelle à travers l’expérience de l’altérité que procure la lecture. Sur ce point, la littérature translingue d’exil et de migration possède un potentiel supérieur aux autres œuvres littéraires dans la mesure où l’altérité constitue la fibre même de l’écriture translingue. Définie comme une littérature écrite dans une autre langue que la langue maternelle de l’écrivain dont l’activité littéraire est en outre en partie motivée par son expérience de l’exil, la littérature translingue d’exil et de migration présente, à travers l’expérience de l’altérité, de nombreux points communs avec l’apprentissage des langues. C’est donc la problématique de l’altérité qui constitue le fil conducteur d’une exploitation en classe de FLE de la littérature translingue d’exil et de migration pour développer la compétence interculturelle de l’apprenant. Pour ce faire, l’article propose trois activités pédagogiques à partir d’extraits d’œuvres translingues centrées sur les principales composantes de la compétence interculturelle : les attitudes positives d’ouverture vers l’autre, l’esprit de tolérance et d’acceptation de l’autre, le recul interculturel et la décentration.
Differences in the British perceptions of the Slovaks and Czechs during their struggle to re-estabilish Czechoslovakia in exile between 1939 and 1941
(Belianum. Vydavateľstvo Univerzity Mateja Bela v Banskej Bystrici, 2025) Ličko, Roman
The political activities of the Czech and Slovak exiles who fled to Britain at the beginning of WWII to re-establish Czechoslovakia have been researched ever since the end of the war. The interest in the subject intensified after the fall of Communism in 1989, when Czech and Slovak historians in Central Europe gained access to archives in the West. Their work so far has focused on the challenges the exiled politicians faced when dealing with the British government and the differences the Czech and Slovak leaders had among themselves when it came to postwar constitutional settlement between the Czech lands and Slovakia. The aim of this study is to investigate the British government’s perceptions of the two nations during the process of Britain’s diplomatic recognition of the Czechoslovak government-in-exile between 1939 and 1941. It focuses on how the British Foreign Office and its diplomatic service perceived the Slovaks and their political culture, in contrast to their views of the Czechs. The main object of the author’s analysis were the primary documents of the Foreign Office, deposited in the collections of the British National Archives at Kew, London. These included diplomatic dispatches, reports and minutes by the Foreign Office’s political and legal advisers which informed British foreign policy towards the Czechs and Slovaks during and immediately after WWII. It argues that that the British view of the Czechoslovak political leadership on the eve of WWII was very negative. As the war progressed and the military situation in Western Europe worsened, the perceptions of the Czechs at the Foreign Office and among its diplomats improved, whereas the Slovaks continued to be treated with condescension as a politically immature people, lacking political leadership to run their political affairs on a par with the Czechs.

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